The South Bačka District faces severe environmental challenges, affecting water quality and the health of migratory fish populations. Overpopulation, pollution from inadequate wastewater treatment, industrial activities, and intensive agriculture put significant pressure on the river and its floodplains. Key protected areas, located within the study extent, are critical habitats for diverse species, including important fish. Planned research within the SWIM project aims to enhance water quality monitoring by applying machine learning and artificial intelligence to develop improved indicators relevant for to better support migratory fish.

The project will also assess climate change impacts, pollution sources, and explore the potential of constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment. These efforts aim to improve fish habitats, particularly for migratory species, and mitigate the effects of pollution and climate change.